Modern Chinese History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Current Chinese History - Essay Example As per him, self-reinforcing programs that supported for preparing prompted the presentation of current schools and weapons store. To accomplish National and individual quality, he recognized that it doesn't just emerge from theâ physical effortâ but likewise the will to get and safeguard. He contended that a solid administration and physical ability only rely upon the desire of the people to act nobly (Schell 205). These thoughts entwined with Confucius lessons help to shape the convictions and conduct of the country. Albeit a few people scorned his ideas and thoughts, he illustrated, instructed, and enlivened Chinese through his composition through his distributions. These compositions were successful in developing good standard roused by truth. This brought about the emission of May Fourth Incident in 1919, where people illustrated. A development by the name May Fourth development rose with an aggregate want to free China and develop another Chinese culture (Schell 207). It focused to change the political arrangement of the nation to make it adaptable to suit further changes that may happen later on. In spite of the fact that the development didn't have a reasonable target, they picked to draw in great administration despite the fact that it will be through fierce and brutal way. The gathering valued the ideas that Mao instructed in Chen Duxius, New Youth. As indicated by the development, direct savage among other political activities are major elements for progressive activity. Subsequent to working for a more drawn out time in the college library, Mao Zedong got back in 1920 to shape an investigation gathering. The gathering talked about Marxism and socialist ideologies.Within the gathering, he stressed the idea of Marxism particularly the recorded realism that portrayed history and elements of creating theâ history.

Film analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Film investigation - Essay Example Investigation A gathering hypothesis was advanced by Schutz (1958). He saw three elements of gatherings. The primary measurement is the in-out measurement, or incorporation, and this is the place the individuals in the gathering are either in the gathering or out of the gathering. The subsequent measurement is the up-down measurement, or control, and this glances at the individuals from the gathering as per how prevailing, or accommodating, they are to each other. The third measurement is the nearby far measurement, or love, and this how close the connection is between the individual individuals (Schutz, 1958). This is the reason for looking at the film, by analyzing how the connections between the individuals from the gathering fit the above definitions, and how the connections were liquid, in that the elements continually changed and the how the gathering was characterized, as indicated by these three measurements, changed alongside it. The primary measurement is the in-out measure ment, and this expresses a few people are individuals from a gathering, while others are most certainly not. At the outset, there was not a gathering, as such, yet a lot of people who were put together on a Saturday, most without wanting to. Be that as it may, all things considered, there was a holding between the two famous children, Andrew and Claire. They were the main two who knew each other, along these lines, if there was the chance of having a gathering that comprised of just two individuals, at that point Andrew and Claire were a piece of a gathering and every other person was definitely not. The film suggested that the two ran in a similar hover in school, as, at a certain point, Andrew inquired as to whether she were setting off to a specific gathering. Along these lines, at that point, in the first place, the â€Å"in† kids were Andrew and Claire, and the â€Å"out† kids were every other person. This progressively changed. The main sign that possibly the chi ldren were turning into a gathering was when Bender removed the screw from the entryway that was to stay open, and the standard came in to ask who did it. The whole gathering expressed that they didn't have the foggiest idea who did it. This was the start of the development of the gathering, since it was the start of gathering cohesiveness, and the start of the â€Å"us versus them† attitude that pervaded all through the film. This was a sort of topic in the film †that the children, regardless of how unique they were from each other, despite everything framed a durable entire when it came to power, would in any case spread for each other, regardless of how they felt about the individual individuals from the gathering. The subsequent significant time that the children turned into a gathering, in that all were a piece of the gathering, and there was no one outside the gathering, was the point at which they went out into the lobby to go to Bender’s storage. This was clearly something that could have pushed every one of them into difficulty, and Andy, in any event, was not in a situation to serve another Saturday confinement, because of the way that he had a meet on the next Saturday, along these lines, at any rate for Andy, going out into the corridor was a significant hazard. Apparently different children, except for Allison, who needed to be there, and Bender, who had a progression of other Saturday detainments arranged at any rate, additionally were facing a tremendous challenge of getting another Saturday confinement. However the children all took a chance with this by going out into the corridor with Bender, in spite of the way that none of them were required for the assignment. That they all decided to do this shows the children were individuals from a gathering, since it shows that they were going to stay together. The going out into th

Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Substance Use

Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Substance Use GAD Coping Print Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Substance Use By Deborah R. Glasofer, PhD twitter linkedin Deborah Glasofer, PhD is a professor of clinical psychology and practitioner of cognitive behavioral therapy. Learn about our editorial policy Deborah R. Glasofer, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 26, 2015 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on October 16, 2019 Generalized Anxiety Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children Getty Images Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is known to frequently overlap with other emotional and behavioral problems, including depression, other anxiety disorders, and substance use disorders. While the exact mechanism by which an individual develops co-occurring generalized anxiety and substance use disorders remains unclear, self-medication is thought to play an important role. When an individual decides independently to use a substance to soothe or manage a particular symptom, it is referred to as “self-medicating.” Self-medication often provides temporary relief of an uncomfortable sensation or emotion, which reinforces its use. Recent research indicates, however, that the use of alcohol or drugs to cope with symptoms of anxiety can be particularly problematic as it confers additional risk of ultimately developing a substance use disorder. The Link Between GAD and Substance  Use Disorders Though GAD is known to affect women at higher rates, co-occurring GAD and substance use disorders are more likely to affect men. According to a recent report from a national survey on substance use disorders, individuals with co-occurring GAD and substance use disorder are more likely to have a family history of an alcohol or drug use disorder than those with GAD alone. The presence of a substance use disorder is associated with more severe anxiety symptoms and more overall impairment in day-to-day functioning. Compared to adults with “uncomplicated” GAD, those with GAD and a substance use disorder are more likely to report poor concentration, to describe more conflict with loved ones, and to endorse more difficulty completing their daily responsibilities. What to Know About Treatment Though individuals with co-occurring GAD and substance use disorders have higher rates of other co-occurring psychiatric conditions (such as bipolar disorder, panic disorder, or social anxiety disorder) than those without a substance use disorder, rates of seeking treatment are equivalent, and relatively low, across groups. Regardless of the presence of a substance use disorder, this large-scale study found that nearly half of those diagnosed with GAD received no treatment. Individuals who did ultimately seek treatment did so, on average, two years after the onset of their anxiety symptoms. However, there are effective treatments for both GAD and substance use disorders. Depending on which disorder is considered primary and the severity of each condition, treatment of one disorder may be followed by treatment of the second disorder, treatment of both conditions may occur in parallel by different clinicians, or treatment may be integrated such that the disorders are treated (or at least monitored) simultaneously by a single treatment provider. If you find yourself using drugs or alcohol to manage your anxiety, it is not likely to be the solution to the problem. While some substances may help with anxiety in the short-term, their effects are temporary. And the use of these substances can create a psychological or physiological dependence, which will cause or worsen other life problems and will ultimately exacerbate your anxiety symptoms. Co-Occurring Disorders: Mental Health Issues Addiction A Word From Verywell If you (or a loved one) is worried about your use of substances to cope with anxiety, you should  learn about the signs of a substance use problem and how to try to change these behaviors. Consider speaking with a mental health provider or your physician about your particular circumstance; a clinician will be able to help you assess your symptoms and to understand what available treatments might be best suited to your needs. If you are unsure about the resources in your neighborhood, you can find help locally through the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA)  or the National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) (which also provides some basic information on dual diagnosis).

Parallel Support Vector Machines Is A Supervised Machine...

Parallel Support Vector Machine Junfeng Wu Junming Chen May 6, 2016 1 INTRODUCTION Support vector machines is a supervised machine learning alogrithom used for classification. The problem could be written : minimize 1 |w |2 2 yi((w,xi)+b)−1≠¥0 where w is a linear combination of the training data: n w = ÃŽ ±i k(xi ) i=1 this could be further written in a dual form[5]: min 1ÃŽ ±TQÃŽ ±Ã¢Ë†â€™eTÃŽ ± ÃŽ ±2 0≠¤ÃŽ ±i ≠¤C, yTÃŽ ±=0, ∀i ≠¤n where Q is the kernel matrix. This dual form is a quadratic programming problem with linear constraints. A solver to this problem like SMO or IPM reuquires a time complexity of O(n3) and space complexity of O(n2), which makes SVM hard to scale. In our final project we implemented two parallel quadratic programming solvers for SVM and implemented a matrix factorization algorithm to improve the performance. Later we evaluated our implementation. 1 i =1,...,l, 2 SMO SOLVER IN PARALLEL SMO is one of the most common ways to solve quadratic programming problem. SMO is a iterative alogrithm. In each iteration, the alogorithm optimize one pair of Lagrange multipliers (ÃŽ ±1,ÃŽ ±2) that could best accelerate the convergence util the lagrange multipliers meet the convergence condition. 2.1 SELECTING AND UPDATING ÃŽ ± PAIR We select alpha1 and alpha2 that make the largest progress towards the global maximum value on each side of the hyper plane according to the heuristic function. The heuristic function is as follow: n f (i) = aj yj k(xj ,xi )− yi j=1 The selection of ÃŽ ± pair is as

The School Of Charter Schools Essay - 1634 Words

†¢ Shanker originally proposed he mission of charter schools as schools where â€Å"groups of teachers should be able to run their own schools within regular schools and to pursue innovative ways of educating disaffected students.† Observe the evolution of charter schools. How are charter schools these days different? Are these differences, in your opinion, good or bad? (p. 286) †¢ Friedman believed that although â€Å"there would be all-white schools, all-black schools, and mixed schools†, choice is of paramount importance in schooling, and that in the cases of segregation, people should â€Å"try to persuade others to adopt their views, and in time the segregated schools would disappear.† If Friedman’s beliefs are realized in reality in the present, do you think there will be many segregated schools? What would be the biggest problems of a school system based solely on choice? (p. 271) †¢ Friedman was not the only person who championed the idea of choice. Advocates for choice predicted that â€Å"choice would transform American education†, voucher school or charters. They believed that choice would â€Å"produce higher achievement† and that when â€Å"schools compete, all students gain.† What is some evidence of the achievement effects of charter schools? To what does Ravitch attribute the positive effects? Can these positive effects be achieved by public schools? Did competition between private and public schools improve both, as was the intention? (p. 295) †¢ Ravitch mentions that reformersShow MoreRelatedCharter Schools : A Public School Or A Charter School?1674 Words   |  7 Pagestheir child no matter if the school is a public school or a charter school. The passing of this ballot will allow the approval of twelve new charter schools or enrollment to increase by 1% statewide in already existing charter schools by the state Board of Elementary and Secondary Education each year. Hearing about charter schools expanding would gain the supporters of those who have a child on a waiting list. There are those who already have a child in a public school and worries that passing thisRead MoreThe School Of A Charter School1396 Words   |  6 PagesBeing in a charter school, the academic school day is much different than in a public school. My CT, has to have her lesson plan turned in and approved at least 2 weeks prior to the lesson. There is no room for error, let alone the students not understanding any lesson. If a lesson is taught on a Monday, the classroom will be moving on to the next lesson on Tuesday, regardless if the students understand the lesson or not. There is also no differentiation in the classroom. All of the students areRead MoreCharter Schools Vs. School Schools1261 Words   |  6 Pagesthe charters providing an avenue of escape for some, it hasn’t been for the majority,† (Zernike 4). In some cities charter schools are educating more that half the students in some American cities (Zernike 1). These charter schools make promises to parents and students that are hard to pass up in many cities, where public education is lacking and private education is out of reach for many. Charter schools exist all across America, in forty-two states and Washington D.C.(Oliver). These charter schoolsRead MoreCharter Schools Are The Best Schools1608 Words   |  7 PagesCharter schools offer much more than public schools do, like smaller classrooms and extended one-on-one time. Charter schools are â€Å"independent entities that have received a charter, which is a set of self-written rules (and promises) about how the school will be structured and run† (Pascual, 2016, The Truth About Charter Schools). This means that they have their own rules that work for the children and meet their individual needs. The schools could change the rules, as generations change, to accommodateRead MoreCharter School Vs. Public Schools974 Words   |  4 PagesSuccess Why choose to go to Charter School rather than public school? Charter schools are public school of choice, meaning families choose for their children. Federal legislation provides grants to help charters to manage start-up costs. They create better educational opportunities for the students therefore they have higher expectations in teaching. Charter Schools and zoned (public) schools are tuition free but unfortunately not everyone can get in to Charter school, since it works by lotteryRead MoreCharter Schools And The School Voucher System806 Words   |  4 Pagesdue to economic factors or cultural factors. Often parents are concerned about topics being taught in schools. The result of this is the existence of charter schools and the school voucher system. Charter schools are less regulated, private institutions which receive taxpayer funding. School voucher systems provide monetary assistance to qualifying students which allow them to attend private schools. This is shown as a w ay to provide parents with options concerning their child’s education. HoweverRead MoreCharter Schools Vs Public Schools1199 Words   |  5 PagesCharter schools are defined as a publicly funded school, established as an autonomous institution with educational goals set by it board, and operating by contract or charter with local school board or state. (oed.com). Since these schools are privatized, many parents believe they are somehow better performing than neighborhood public schools. Charter schools rely on convincing data to justify the practice of privatizing schools, data that shows high performing students. However, they hide the factRead MoreCharter Schools Essay1610 Words   |  7 PagesCharter Schools: The Future of Education? For decades the American education system provided parents with three choices: public, homeschool or private school. If they chose public then their child(ren) would be assigned to a school past on where they lived. However , â€Å"in the early 1990s a handful of states created independent public charter schools, providing opportunities for teachers and others to develop innovative schooling options â€Å" (Palmer, Louann 2007). Not only did the creation ofRead MoreThe Opinion Of Charter Schools1687 Words   |  7 Pages As I began working on this essay, my first step was to google charter school news articles. One of the first two articles that I came across was from a well known conservative news source. The other was published in a prominent outlet for liberal news. I was amazed at the polar opposite views that the two sources had on the subject and decided to see if this dichotomy continued in other news outlets as well. I then looked up a ranking of various news sources as liberal or conservative. IRead MoreThe Implementation Of Charter Schools1505 Words   |  7 Pages Implementation of charter schools in LAUSD by George Szabo Introduction to Public Management and Policy POSC / CRJU 320 Dr. Samuel B. Stone California State University, Fullerton September 29, 2015 $490-million dollar plan In California there is frequent debate over the performance of public schools throughout the state. It is known that many of the state’s public schools are poorly funded and lay in disrepair. It is also accompanied by bad test scores and underperforming students which

Forward the Foundation Chapter 8 Free Essays

21 In two days Joranum had swept Trantor, partly by himself, mostly through his lieutenants. As Hari muttered to Dors, it was a campaign that had all the marks of military efficiency. â€Å"He was born to be a war admiral in the old days,† he said. We will write a custom essay sample on Forward the Foundation Chapter 8 or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å"He’s wasted on politics.† And Dors said, â€Å"Wasted? At this rate, he’s going to make himself First Minister in a week and, if he wishes, Emperor in two weeks. There are reports that some of the military garrisons are cheering him.† Seldon shook his head. â€Å"It will collapse, Dors.† â€Å"What? Joranum’s party or the Empire?† â€Å"Joranum’s party. The story of the robot has created an instant stir, especially with the effective use of that flier, but a little thought, a little coolness, and the public will see it for the ridiculous accusation it is.† â€Å"But, Hari,† said Dors tightly, â€Å"you needn’t pretend with me. It is not a ridiculous story. How could Joranum possibly have found out that Demerzel is a robot?† â€Å"Oh, that! Why, Raych told him so.† â€Å"Raych!† â€Å"That’s right. He did his job perfectly and got back safely with the promise of being made Dahl’s sector leader someday. Of course he was believed. I knew he would be.† â€Å"You mean you told Raych that Demerzel was a robot and had him pass on the news to Joranum?† Dors looked utterly horrified. â€Å"No, I couldn’t do that. You know I couldn’t tell Raych-or anyone-that Demerzel was a robot. I told Raych as firmly as I could that Demerzel was not a robot-and even that much was difficult. But I did ask him to tell Joranum that he was. He is under the firm impression that he lied to Joranum.† â€Å"But why, Hari? Why?† â€Å"It’s not psychohistory, I’ll tell you that. Don’t you join the Emperor in thinking I’m a magician. I just wanted Joranum to believe that Demerzel was a robot. He’s a Mycogenian by birth, so he was filled from youth with his culture’s tales of robots. Therefore, he was predisposed to believe and he was convinced that the public would believe with him.† â€Å"Well, won’t they?† â€Å"Not really. After the initial shock is over, they will realize that it’s madcap fiction-or they will think so. I’ve persuaded Demerzel that he must give a talk on subetheric holovision to be broadcast to key portions of the Empire and to every sector on Trantor. He is to talk about everything but the robot issue. There are enough crises, we all know, to fill such a talk. People will listen and will hear nothing about robots. Then, at the end, he will be asked about the flier and he need not answer a word. He need only laugh.† â€Å"Laugh? I’ve never known Demerzel to laugh. He almost never smiles.† â€Å"This time, Dors, he’ll laugh. It is the one thing that no one ever visualizes a robot doing. You’ve seen robots in holographic fantasies, haven’t you? They’re always pictured as literal-minded, unemotional, inhuman-That’s what people are sure to expect. So Demerzel need merely laugh. And on top of that-Do you remember Sunmaster Fourteen, the religious leader of Mycogen?† â€Å"Of course I do. Literal-minded, unemotional, inhuman. He’s never laughed, either.† â€Å"And he won’t this time. I’ve done a lot of work on this Joranum matter since I had that little set-to at the Field. I know Joranum’s real name. I know where he was born, who his parents were, where he had his early training, and all of it, with documentary proof, has gone to Sunmaster Fourteen. I don’t think Sunmaster likes Breakaways.† â€Å"But I thought you said you don’t wish to spark off bigotry.† â€Å"I don’t. If I had given the information to the holovision people, I would have, but I’ve given it to Sunmaster, where, after all, it belongs.† â€Å"And he’ll start off the bigotry.† â€Å"Of course he won’t. No one on Trantor would pay any attention to Sunmaster-whatever he might say.† â€Å"Then what’s the point?† â€Å"Well, that’s what we’ll see, Dors. I don’t have a psychohistorical analysis of the situation. I don’t even know if one is possible. I just hope that my judgment is right.† 22 Eto Demerzel laughed. It was not the first time. He sat there, with Hari Seldon and Dors Venabili in a tap-free room, and, every once in a while, at a signal from Hari, he would laugh. Sometimes he leaned back and laughed uproariously, but Seldon shook his head. â€Å"That would never sound convincing.† So Demerzel smiled and then laughed with dignity and Seldon made a face. â€Å"I’m stumped,† he said. â€Å"It’s no use trying to tell you funny stories. You get the point only intellectually. You will simply have to memorize the sound.† Dors said, â€Å"Use a holographic laughtrack.† â€Å"No! That would never be Demerzel. That’s a bunch of idiots being paid to yak. It’s not what I want. Try again, Demerzel.† Demerzel tried again until Seldon said, â€Å"All right, then, memorize that sound and reproduce it when you’re asked the question. You’ve got to look amused. You can’t make the sound of laughing, however proficient, with a grave face. Smile a little, just a little. Pull back the corner of your mouth.† Slowly Demerzel’s mouth widened into a grin. â€Å"Not bad. Can you make your eyes twinkle?† â€Å"What do you mean, ‘twinkle,†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ said Dors indignantly. â€Å"No one makes their eyes twinkle. That’s a metaphorical expression.† â€Å"No, it’s not,† said Seldon. â€Å"There’s the hint of tears in the eye-sadness, joy, surprise, whatever-and the reflection of light from that hint of fluid is what does it.† â€Å"Well, do you seriously expect Demerzel to produce tears?† And Demerzel said, matter-of-factly, â€Å"My eyes do produce tears for general cleansing-never in excess. Perhaps, though, if I imagine my eyes to be slightly irritated-â€Å" â€Å"Try it,† said Seldon. â€Å"It can’t hurt.† And so it was that when the talk on subetheric holovision was over and the words were streaking out to millions of worlds at thousands of times the effective speed of light words that were grave, matter-of-fact, informative, and without rhetorical embellishment-and that discussed everything but robots-Demerzel declared himself ready to answer questions. He did not have to wait long. The very first question was: â€Å"Mr. First Minister, are you a robot?† Demerzel simply stared calmly and let the tension build. Then he smiled, his body shook slightly, and he laughed. It was not a loud uproarious laugh, but it was a rich one, the laugh of someone enjoying a moment of fantasy. It was infectious. The audience tittered and then laughed along with him. Demerzel waited for the laughter to die down and then, eyes twinkling, said, â€Å"Must I really answer that? Is it necessary to do so?† He was still smiling as the screen darkened. 23 â€Å"I’m sure it worked,† said Seldon. â€Å"Naturally we won’t have a complete reversal instantly. It takes time. But things are moving in the right direction now. I noticed that when I stopped Namarti’s talk at the University Field. The audience was with him until I faced him and showed spunk against odds. The audience began to change sides at once.† â€Å"Do you think this is an analogous situation?† asked Dors dubiously. â€Å"Of course. If I don’t have psychohistory, I can use analogy-and the brains I was born with, I suppose. There was the First Minister, beleaguered on all sides with the accusation, and he faced it down with a smile and a laugh, the most nonrobot thing he could have done, so that in itself was an answer to the question. Of course sympathy began to slide to his side. Nothing would stop that. But that’s only the beginning. We have to wait for Sunmaster Fourteen and hear what he has to say.† â€Å"Are you confident there, too?† â€Å"Absolutely.† 24 Tennis was one of Hari’s favorite sports, but he preferred to play rather than watch others. He watched with impatience, therefore, as the Emperor Cleon, dressed in sports fashion, loped across the court to return the ball. It was Imperial tennis, actually, so-called because it was a favorite of Emperors, a version of the game in which a computerized racket was used that could alter its angle slightly with appropriate pressures on the handle. Hari had tried to develop the technique on several occasions but found that mastering the computerized racket would take a great deal of practice-and Hari Seldon’s time was far too precious for what was clearly a trivial pursuit. Cleon placed the ball in a nonreturnable position and won the game. He trotted off the court to the careful applause of the functionaries who were watching and Seldon said to him, â€Å"Congratulations, Sire. You played a marvelous game.† Cleon said indifferently, â€Å"Do you think so, Seldon? They’re all so careful to let me win. I get no pleasure out of it.† Seldon said, â€Å"In that case, Sire, you might order your opponents to play harder.† â€Å"It wouldn’t help. They’d be careful to lose anyway. And if they did win, I would get even less pleasure out of losing than out of winning meaninglessly. Being an Emperor has its woes, Seldon. Joranum would have found that out-if he had ever succeeded in becoming one.† He disappeared into his private shower facility and emerged in due time, scrubbed and dried and dressed rather more formally. â€Å"And now, Seldon† he said, waving all the others away, â€Å"the tennis court is as private a place as we can find and the weather is glorious, so let us not go indoors. I have read the Mycogenian message of this Sunmaster Fourteen. Will it do?† â€Å"Entirely, Sire. As you have read, Joranum was denounced as a Mycogenian Breakaway and is accused of blasphemy in the strongest terms.† â€Å"And does that finish him?† â€Å"It diminishes his importance fatally, Sire. There are few who accept the mad story of the First Minister’s robothood now. Furthermore, Joranum is revealed as a liar and a poseur and, worse, one who was caught at it.† â€Å"Caught at it, yes,† said Cleon thoughtfully. â€Å"You mean that merely to be underhanded is to be sly and that may be admirable, while to be caught is to be stupid and that is never admirable.† â€Å"You put it succinctly, Sire.† â€Å"Then Joranum is no longer a danger.† â€Å"We can’t be certain of that, Sire. He may recover, even now. He still has an organization and some of his followers will remain loyal. History yields examples of men and women who have come back after disasters as great as this one-or greater.† â€Å"In that case, let us execute him, Seldon.† Seldon shook his head. â€Å"That would be inadvisable, Sire. You would not want to create a martyr or to make yourself appear to be a despot.† Cleon frowned. â€Å"Now you sound like Demerzel. Whenever I wish to take forceful action, he mutters the word ‘despot.’ There have been Emperors before me who have taken forceful action and who have been admired as a result and have been considered strong and decisive.† â€Å"Undoubtedly, Sire, but we live in troubled times. Nor is execution necessary. You can accomplish your purpose in a way that will make you seem enlightened and benevolent.† â€Å"Seem enlightened?† â€Å"Be enlightened, Sire. I misspoke. To execute Joranum would be to take revenge, which might be regarded as ignoble. As Emperor, however, you have a kindly-even paternal-attitude toward the beliefs of all your people. You make no distinctions, for you are the Emperor of all alike.† â€Å"What is it you’re saying?† â€Å"I mean, Sire, that Joranum has offended the sensibilities of the Mycogenians and you are horrified at his sacrilege, he having been born one of them. What better can you do but hand Joranum over to the Mycogenians and allow them to take care of him? You will be applauded for your proper Imperial convern.† â€Å"And the Mycogenians will execute him, then?† â€Å"They may, Sire. Their laws against blasphemy are excessively severe. At best, they will imprison him for life at hard labor.† Cleon smiled. â€Å"Very good. I get the credit for humanity and tolerance and they do the dirty work.† â€Å"They would, Sire, if you actually handed Joranum over to them. That would, however, still create a martyr.† â€Å"Now you confuse me. What would you have me do?† â€Å"Give Joranum the choice. Say that your regard for the welfare of all the people in your Empire urges you to hand him over to the Mycogenians for trial but that your humanity fears the Mycogenians may be too severe. Therefore, as an alternative, he may choose to be banished to Nishaya, the small and secluded world from which he claimed to have come, to live the rest of his life in obscurity and peace. You’ll see to it that he’s kept under guard, of course.† â€Å"And that will take care of things?† â€Å"Certainly. Joranum would be committing virtual suicide if he chose to be returned to Mycogen-and he doesn’t strike me as the suicidal type. He will certainly choose Nishaya, and though that is the sensible course of action, it is also an unheroic one. As a refugee in Nishaya, he can scarcely lead any movement designed to take over the Empire. His following is sure to disintegrate. They could follow a martyr with holy zeal, but it would be difficult, indeed, to follow a coward.† â€Å"Astonishing! How did you manage all this, Seldon?† There was a distinct note of admiration in Cleon’s voice. Seldon said, â€Å"Well, it seemed reasonable to suppose-â€Å" â€Å"Never mind,† said Cleon abruptly. â€Å"I don’t suppose you’ll tell me the truth or that I would understand you if you did, but I’ll tell you this much. Demerzel is leaving office. This last crisis has proved to be too much for him and I agree with him that it is time for him to retire. But I can’t do without a First Minister and, from this moment onward, you are he.† â€Å"Sire!† exclaimed Seldon in mingled astonishment and horror. â€Å"First Minister Hari Seldon.† said Cleon calmly. â€Å"The Emperor wishes it.† 25 â€Å"Don’t be alarmed,† said Demerzel. â€Å"It was my suggestion. I’ve been here too long and the succession of crises has reached the point where the consideration of the Three Laws paralyzes me. You are the logical successor.† â€Å"I am not the logical successor,† said Seldon hotly. â€Å"What do I know about running an Empire? The Emperor is foolish enough to believe that I solved this crisis by psychohistory. Of course I didn’t.† â€Å"That doesn’t matter, Hari. If he believes you have the psychohistorical answer, he will follow you eagerly and that will make you a Good First Minister.† â€Å"He may follow me straight into destruction.† â€Å"I feel that your good sense-or intuition-will keep you on target†¦ with or without psychohistory.† â€Å"But what will I do without you-Daneel?† â€Å"Thank you for calling me that. I am Demerzel no more, only Daneel. As to what you will do without me – Suppose you try to put into practice some of Joranum’s ideas of equality and social justice? He may not have meant them-he may have used them only as ways of capturing allegiance-but they are not bad ideas in themselves. And find ways of having Raych help you in that. He clung to you against his own attraction to Joranum’s ideas and he must feel torn and half a traitor. Show him he isn’t. In addition, you can work all the harder on psychohistory, for the Emperor will be there with you, heart and soul.† â€Å"But what will you do, Daneel?† â€Å"I have other things in the Galaxy to which I must attend. There is still the Zeroth Law and I must labor for the good of humanity, insofar as I can determine what that might be. And, Hari-â€Å" â€Å"Yes, Daneel.† â€Å"You still, have Dors.† Seldon nodded. â€Å"Yes, I still have Dors.† He paused for a moment before grasping Daneel’s firm hand with his own. â€Å"Good-bye, Daneel.† â€Å"Good-bye, Hari,† Daneel replied. And with that, the robot turned, his heavy First Minister’s robe rustling as he walked away, head up, back ramrod straight, along the Palace hallway. Seldon stood there for a few minutes after Daneel had gone, lost in thought. Suddenly he began moving in the direction of the First Minister’s apartment. Seldon had one more thing to tell Daneel-the most important thing of all. Seldon hesitated in the softly lit hallway before entering. But the room was empty. The dark robe was draped over a chair. The First Minister’s chambers echoed Hari’s last words to the robot: â€Å"Good-bye, my friend.† Eto Demerzel was gone; R. Daneel Olivaw had vanished. Part II Cleon I CLEON I-†¦ Though often receiving panegyrics for being the last Emperor under whom the First Galactic Empire was reasonably united and reasonably prosperous, the quarter-century reign of Cleon I was one of continuous decline. This cannot be viewed as his direct responsibility, for the Decline of the Empire was based on political and economic factors too strong for anyone to deal with at the time. He was fortunate in his selection of First Ministers-Eto Demerzel and then Hari Seldon, in whose development of psychohistory the Emperor never lost faith. Cleon and Seldon, as the objects of the final Joranumite Conspiracy, with its bizarre climax- Encyclopedia Galactica 1 Mandell Gruber was a happy man. He seemed so to Hari Seldon, certainly. Seldon stopped his morning constitutional to watch him. Gruber, perhaps in his late forties, a few years younger than Seldon, was a bit gnarled from his continuing work in the Imperial Palace grounds, but he had a cheerful, smoothly shaven face, topped by a pink skull, not much of which was hidden by his thin sandy hair. He whistled softly to himself as he inspected the leaves of the bushes for any signs of insect infestation. He was not the Chief Gardener, of course. The Chief Gardener of the Imperial Palace grounds was a high functionary who had a palatial office in one of the buildings of the enormous Imperial complex, with an army of men and women under him. The chances are he did not inspect the Palace grounds more often than once or twice a year. Gruber was but one of that army. His title, Seldon knew, was Gardener First-Class and it had been well earned, with thirty years of faithful service. Seldon called to him as he paused on the perfectly level crushed gravel walk, â€Å"Another marvelous day, Gruber.† Gruber looked up and his eyes twinkled. â€Å"Yes, indeed, First Minister, and it’s sorry I am for those who be cooped up indoors.† â€Å"You mean as I am about to be.† â€Å"There’s not much about you, First Minister, for people to sorrow over, but if you’re disappearing into those buildings on a day like this, it’s a bit of sorrow that we fortunate few can feel for you.† â€Å"I thank you for your sympathy, Gruber, but you know we have forty billion Trantorians under the dome. Are you sorry for all of them?† â€Å"Indeed, I am. I am grateful I am not of Trantorian extraction myself so that I could qualify as a gardener. There be few of us on this world that work in the open, but here I be, one of the fortunate few.†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ â€Å"The weather isn’t always this ideal.† â€Å"That is true. And I have been out here in the sluicing rains and the whistling winds. Still, as long as you dress fittingly†¦ Look-† And Gruber spread his arms open, wide as his smile, as if to embrace the vast expanse of the Palace grounds. â€Å"I have my friends-the trees and the lawns and all the animal life forms to keep me company-and growth to encourage in geometric form, even in the winter. Have you ever seen the geometry of the grounds, First Minister?† â€Å"I am looking at it right now, am I not?† â€Å"I mean the plans spread out so you can really appreciate it all-and marvelous it is, too. It was planned by Tapper Savand, over a hundred years ago, and it has been little changed since. Tapper was a great horticulturist, the greatest-and he came from my planet.† â€Å"That was Anacreon, wasn’t it?† â€Å"Indeed. A far-off world near the edge of the Galaxy, where there is still wilderness and life can be sweet. I came here when I was still an earwet** lad, when the present Chief Gardener took power under the old Emperor. Of course, now they’re talking of redesigning the grounds.† Gruber sighed deeply and shook his head. â€Å"That would be a mistake. They are just right as they are now properly proportioned, well balanced, pleasing to the eye and spirit. But it is true that in history, the grounds have occasionally been redesigned. Emperors grow tired of the old and are always seeking the new, as if new is somehow always better. Our present Emperor, may he live long, has been planning the redesign with the Chief Gardener. At least, that is the word that runs from gardener to gardener.† This last he added quickly, as if abashed at spreading Palace gossip. â€Å"It might not happen soon.† â€Å"I hope not, First Minister. Please, if you have the chance to take some time from all the heart-stopping work you must be after doing, study the design of the grounds. It is a rare beauty and, if I have my way, there should not be a leaf moved out of place, nor a flower, nor a rabbit, anywhere in all these hundreds of square kilometers.† Seldon smiled. â€Å"You are a dedicated man, Gruber. I would not be surprised if someday you were Chief Gardener.† â€Å"May Fate protect me from that. The Chief Gardener breathes no fresh air, sees no natural sights, and forgets all he has learned of nature. He lives there†-Gruber pointed scornfully-â€Å"and I think he no longer knows a bush from a stream unless one of his underlings leads him out and places his hand on one or dips it into the other.† For a moment it seemed as though Gruber would expectorate his scorn, but he could not find any place on which he could bear to spit. Seldon laughed quietly. â€Å"Gruber, it’s good to talk to you. When I am overcome with the duties of the day, it is pleasant to take a few moments to listen to your philosophy of life.† â€Å"Ah, First Minister, it is no philosopher I am. My schooling was very sketchy.† â€Å"You don’t need schooling to be a philosopher. Just an active mind and experience with life. Take care, Gruber. I just might have you promoted.† â€Å"If you but leave me as I am, First Minister, you will have my total gratitude.† Seldon was smiling as he moved on, but the smile faded as his mind turned once more to his current problems. Ten years as First Minister-and if Gruber knew how heartily sick Seldon was of his position, his sympathy would rise to enormous heights. Could Gruber grasp the fact that Seldon’s progress in the techniques of psychohistory showed the promise of facing him with an unbearable dilemma? 2 Seldon’s thoughtful stroll across the grounds was the epitome of peace. It was hard to believe here, in the midst of the Emperor’s immediate domain, that he was on a world that, except for this area, was totally enclosed by a dome. Here, in this spot, he might be on his home world of Helicon or on Gruber’s home world of Anacreon. Of course, the sense of peace was an illusion. The grounds were guarded-thick with security. Once, a thousand years ago, the Imperial Palace grounds-much less palatial, much less differentiated from a world only beginning to construct domes over individual regions-had been open to all citizens and the Emperor himself could walk along the paths, unguarded, nodding his head in greeting to his subjects. No more. Now security was in place and no one from Trantor itself could possibly invade the grounds. That did not remove the danger, however, for that, when it came, came from discontented Imperial functionaries and from corrupt and suborned soldiers. It was within the grounds that the Emperor and his staff were most in danger. What would have happened if, on that occasion, nearly ten years before, Seldon had not been accompanied by Dors Venabili? It had been in his first year as First Minister and it was only natural, he supposed (after the fact), that there would be jealous heart-burning over his unexpected choice for the post. Many others, far better qualified in training-in years of service and, most of all, in their own eyes-could view the appointment with anger. They did not know of psychohistory or of the importance the Emperor attached to it and the easiest way to correct the situation was to corrupt one of the sworn protectors of the First Minister. Dors must have been more suspicious than Seldon himself was. Or else, with Demerzel’s disappearance from the scene, her instructions to guard Seldon had been strengthened. The truth was that, for the first few years of his First Ministership, she was at his side more often than not. And on the late afternoon of a warm sunny day, Dors noted the glint of the westering sun-a sun never seen under Trantor’s dome-on the metal of a blaster. â€Å"Down, Hari!† she cried suddenly and her legs crushed the grass as she raced toward the sergeant. â€Å"Give me that blaster, Sergeant,† she said tightly. The would-be assassin, momentarily immobilized by the unexpected sight of a woman running toward him, now reacted quickly, raising the drawn blaster. But she was already at him, her hand enclosing his right wrist in a steely grip and lifting his arm high. â€Å"Drop it,† she said through clenched teeth. The sergeant’s face twisted as he attempted to yank his arm loose. â€Å"Don’t try, Sergeant,† said Dors. â€Å"My knee is three inches from your groin and, if you so much as blink, your genitals will be history. So just freeze. That’s right. Okay, now open your hand. If you don’t drop the blaster right now, I will shatter your arm.† A gardener came running up with a rake. Dors motioned him away. The sergeant dropped the blaster to the ground. Seldon had arrived. â€Å"I’ll take over, Dors.† â€Å"You will not. Get in among those trees and take the blaster with you. Others may be involved-and ready to act.† Dors had not loosened her grip on the sergeant. She said, â€Å"Now, Sergeant, I want the name of whoever it was who persuaded you to make an attempt on the First Minister’s life-and the name of everyone else who is in this with you.† The sergeant was silent. â€Å"Don’t be foolish,† said Dors. â€Å"Speak!† She twisted his arm and he sank down to his knees. She put her shoe on his neck. â€Å"If you think silence becomes you, I can crush your larynx and you will be silent forever. And even before that, I am going to damage you badly-I won’t leave one bone unbroken. You had better talk.† The sergeant talked. Later Seldon had said to her, â€Å"How could you do that, Dors? I never believed you capable of such†¦ violence. â€Å" Dors said coolly, â€Å"I did not actually hurt him much, Hari. The threat was sufficient. In any case, your safety was paramount.† â€Å"You should have let me take care of him.† â€Å"Why? To salvage your masculine pride? You wouldn’t have been fast enough, for one thing. Secondly, no matter what you would have succeeded in doing, you are a man and it would have been expected. I am a woman and women, in popular thought, are not considered as ferocious its men and most, in general, do not have the strength to do what I did. The story will improve in the telling and everyone will be terrified of me. No one will dare to try to harm you for fear of me.† â€Å"For fear of you and for fear of execution. The sergeant and his cohorts are to be killed, you know.† At this, an anguished look clouded Dors’s usually composed visage, as if she could not stand the thought of the traitorous sergeant being put to death, even though he would have cut down her beloved Hari without a second thought. â€Å"But,† she exclaimed, â€Å"there is no need to execute the conspirators. Exile will do the job.† â€Å"No, it won’t,† said Seldon. â€Å"It’s too late. Cleon will hear of nothing but executions. I can quote him-if you wish.† â€Å"You mean he’s already made up his mind?† â€Å"At once. I told him that exile or imprisonment would be all that was necessary, but he said no. He said, `Every time I try to solve a problem by direct and forceful action, first Demerzel and then you talk of â€Å"despotism† and â€Å"tyranny.† But this is my Palace. These are my grounds. These are my guardsmen. My safety depends on the security of this place and the loyalty of my people. Do you think that any deviation from absolute loyalty can be met with anything but instant death? How else would you be safe? How else would I be safe?’ â€Å"I said there would have to be a trial. ‘Of course,’ he said, ‘a short military trial and I don’t expect a single vote for anything but execution. I shall make that quite clear.’ â€Å" Dors looked appalled. â€Å"You’re taking this very quietly. Do you agree with the Emperor?† Reluctantly Seldon nodded. â€Å"I do.† â€Å"Because there was an attempt on your life. Have you abandoned your principles for mere revenge?† â€Å"Now, Dors, I’m not a vengeful person. However, it was not myself alone at risk or even the Emperor. If there is anything that the recent history of the Empire shows us, it is that Emperors come and go. It is psychohistory that must be protected. Undoubtedly, even if something happens to me, psychohistory will someday be developed, but the Empire is falling fast and we cannot wait-and only I have advanced far enough to obtain the necessary techniques in time.† â€Å"Then you should teach what you know to others,† said Dors gravely. â€Å"I’m doing so. Yugo Amaryl is a reasonable successor and I have gathered a group of technicians who will someday be useful, but they won’t be as-† He paused. â€Å"They won’t be as good as you-as wise, as capable? Really?† â€Å"I happen to think so,† said Seldon. â€Å"And I happen to be human. Psychohistory is mine and, if I can possibly manage it, I want the credit.† â€Å"Human,† sighed Dors, shaking her head almost sadly. The executions went through. No such purge had been seen in over a century. Two Ministers, five officials of lower ranks, and four soldiers, including the hapless sergeant, met their deaths. Every guardsman who could not withstand the most rigorous investigation was relieved of duty and exiled to the remote Outer Worlds. Since then, there had been no whisper of disloyalty and so notorious had become the care with which the First Minister was guarded, to say nothing of the terrifying woman-called â€Å"The Tiger Woman† by many-who watched over him, that it was no longer necessary for Dors to accompany him everywhere. Her invisible presence was an adequate shield and the Emperor Cleon enjoyed nearly ten years of quiet and absolute security. Now, however, psychohistory was finally reaching the point where predictions, of a sort, could be made and, as Seldon crossed the grounds in his passage from his office (First Minister) to his laboratory (psychohistorian), he was uneasily aware of the likelihood that this era of peace might be coming to an end. How to cite Forward the Foundation Chapter 8, Essay examples

The Right to Die free essay sample

A paper which supports the legalization of euthanasia. An argumentative essay in support of the right of a person to choose the time, place and method of his own death. The paper studies the legal and moral aspects of euthanasia in America today, and how the general public views this topic. Modern medicine has been beneficial in improving the quality of life, but it sometimes has been accompanied by harmful and dehumanizing effects. Many terminally ill people have been kept alive against their will by advanced medical technologies and have been denied assistance in dying. I believe that now is the time for our society to recognize that terminally ill individuals have the right to choose the time, place, and manner of their own death. Euthanasia should be legalized because ones rights as a human being allows him or her to make their own decisions. These persons should be allowed their human rights, dignity, and self- determination. We will write a custom essay sample on The Right to Die or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page

How To Build Your Spanish Vocabulary

How To Build Your Spanish Vocabulary A big part of learning any foreign language is learning the vocabulary - the collection of words used by those who speak the language. Fortunately for English speakers learning Spanish, there is a large overlap in the vocabulary. Thats because Spanish is a direct descendant of Latin while English received an infusion of Latin-derived vocabulary in the aftermath of the Norman Conquest of 1066. Word Similarities The overlap gives English speakers a head start in learning Spanish vocabulary. A linguist would say the two language have an abundance of cognates, words that are similar and have a common origin. But that head start comes with a price: Meanings of words change over time, and English and Spanish havent always changed in the same way. So some words, known as false friends, look like they might mean the same thing in the corresponding word of the other language. For example, something that is actual in Spanish is something thats current or happening now rather than something that isnt imaginary. And some words, ones I (but hardly anybody else) call fickle friends, correspond frequently but not so often enough that their meanings need to be learned. Arena in Spanish can refer to a sports arena, for example, but it more often refers to sand. Expanding on What You Know How many words do you need to be proficient in Spanish? Thats an open question because the answer depends on what you want to do with the language. That task of learning thousands of words may sound daunting. But there are ways you can make the task easier. One way is to take advantage of the many prefixes and suffixes, word beginnings and endings you can use. Many of the prefixes will seem familiar, because most come from Latin. Thats not as common with the suffixes. Two of the main kinds are augmentative suffixes, which can add a negative connotation to a word or refer to something thats particularly large, and diminutive suffixes, which can refer to things that are small or that are especially desirable. Memorization Memorization is seldom the most fun way to learn words, but many students benefit from it. Here are some of the word lists we provide as an aid: Top 100 Spanish words you need to knowSpanish for air travelersArabic words in SpanishSpanish arithmetic termsSpanish at the beachWords for everyday things around the homeComputer and Internet termsBody parts in SpanishCompound words in SpanishConfusing Spanish verb pairs: ser and estar, saber and conocer, othersEnglish words borrowed from SpanishGeography in Spanish: City names, definite articles with country names, nationalitiesSpanish lodging vocabularySpanish love wordsCommon and not-so-common vegetablesAlternatives for muySpanish names for occupationsSpanish names of petsSpanish astronomical termsSpanish names for relativesSpanish for ThanksgivingShopping in Spanish and Spanish names for storesSpanish units of timeSeasons in SpanishSpanish weather termsSpanish war and military termsSpanish words for whatSpanish words for snowWinter sports in SpanishU.S.-style football termsBasketball glossarySpanish at the zooWords for celebrating Halloween We also have lessons on use of particular words. Many of these lessons include comments on the words etymology, or word history. AlfabetoClaroDerecho and derechaGraciaGringoHuracnMejor and peorNoSanto For Fun It may not always be practical, but sometimes its fun to learn words just for the sake of learning them: Crossword puzzles in SpanishWhat is the longest word in Spanish? Ways to Make These Words Yours Over the years, numerous  readers of this site have offered their advice for incorporating the words into the Spanish that you can use everyday. The simple fact, though, is that what works well for one person doesnt work for everyone, as we all have our own learning styles. You might consider some of these methods, however, to see of one of them clicks for you: Make sticky notes with names of objects and place them on the things you want to be able to talk about. You cant do this everywhere, of course, but if you do this your home you can track your progress by removing the notes for words you have already learned.Create three-by-five-inch cards with vocabulary words on one side and definitions on the other. And random times during the day, compose sentences using the words.Use social media to find Spanish speakers learning English and you can help each other.

UNH Admissions Data and Acceptance Rate

UNH Admissions Data and Acceptance Rate With an acceptance rate of 76 percent, the University of New Hampshire is accessible to many applicants. Students with good grades and test scores are likely to be admitted.  To apply, interested students will need to submit an application, official high school transcripts, SAT or ACT scores, and a letter of recommendation. Art and music students will need to submit additional materialscheck the schools website for more information. The school accepts the Common Application, which can save applicants time and energy when applying to multiple schools that use that application. W ill you get in? Calculate your chances of getting in with this free tool from Cappex. Admissions Data (2016) University of New Hampshire Acceptance Rate: 76  percentGPA, SAT and ACT Graph for UNHTest Scores: 25th / 75th PercentileSAT Critical Reading: 490 / 590SAT Math: 500 / 610SAT Writing: - / -What these SAT numbers meanNew Hampshire colleges SAT comparisonAmerica East Conference SAT score comparisonACT Composite: 22 / 27ACT English: 22 / 27ACT Math: 22  / 27What these ACT numbers meanNew Hampshire colleges ACT comparisonAmerica East Conference ACT score comparison UNH Description The University of New Hampshires main campus is located in Durham, a seacoast town with a population similar to the university. Boston is about an hour away, as is excellent skiing in the White Mountains. The university has an 18 to 1  student/faculty ratio, and high achieving and motivated students should check out the opportunities available through the Honors Program. For its academic strengths, UNH was awarded a chapter of  Phi Beta Kappa. In athletics, the UNH Wildcats compete in the NCAA Division I  Colonial Athletic Association  for football, and the  America East Conference  for many other sports. Enrollment (2016) Total Enrollment: 15,188 (12,857 undergraduates)Gender Breakdown: 46 percent male / 54 percent female97 percent full-time Costs (2016-17) Tuition and Fees: $17,624  (in-state); $31,424  (out-of-state)Books: $1,200 (why so much?)Room and Board: $10,938Other Expenses: $2,438Total Cost: $32,200  (in-state); $46,000 (out-of-state) UNH Financial Aid (2015-16) Percentage of New Students Receiving Aid: 85  percentPercentage of New Students Receiving Types of AidGrants: 70 percentLoans: 71  percentAverage Amount of AidGrants: $12,196Loans: $10,169 Academic Programs Most Popular Majors:  Biology, Business Administration, Communication Studies, English, Kinesiology and Exercise Science, Nursing, Political Science, PsychologyWhat major is right for you?  Sign up to take the free My Careers and Majors Quiz at Cappex. Graduation, Retention and Transfer Rates First Year Student Retention (full-time students): 86  percent4-Year Graduation Rate: 67 percent6-Year Graduation Rate: 78  percent Intercollegiate Athletic Programs Mens Sports:  Football, Ice Hockey, Skiing, Basketball, Cross Country, SoccerWomens Sports:  Lacrosse, Skiing, Soccer, Basketball, Gymnastics, Field Hockey If You Like UNH, You May Also Like These Schools: University of Vermont: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphQuinnipiac University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphBoston University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphRoger Williams University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphBoston College: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphEndicott College: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphSyracuse University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphPlymouth State University: Profile  University of Connecticut: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphUMass - Amherst: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphUniversity of Maine: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT Graph Data Source: National Center for Educational Statistics

Cross Cultural Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Cross Cultural Management - Essay Example (David, 2002, ch2 p29) Just a hundred years back, Britain was a country on which the sun never set. The English language, British customs, traditions and food habits have now become an integral part of life in all her former colonies-all these being integrated into, and modified by local customs. The British character and customs at home, have also been, in their turn, influenced by this close interaction with other cultures. Officially, Britain is a Protestant state, i.e the British monarch is Protestant. The origin of this dates to the 16th century, when King Henry VIII divorced his queen, Catherine of Aragon. As the Pope in Rome did not recognise divorce, Henry declared the English Church free from the control of the Pope. Thus the Reformation of the Church in England was mainly based on the whim of a monarch. Henry then married Anne Boleyn (the second of a succession of six wives that he eventually managed to have!) Queen Elizabeth II, the present monarch is a direct descendant of Henry and Anne. This fact makes it a political necessity for the monarchy in England to officially be Protestant, as otherwise (if it reverted to being Catholic) the current monarch would become the descendant of an illegitimate child (the illustrious Queen Elizabeth I) of Henry's! While the 'official' religion in Britain is Protestant-Christian, the country is a multi-cultural one. "About 8% of the population of Britain (4 .6 million) today are people from other cultures and ethnicities"(Biddle). This includes religions other than Christianity and peoples other than Whites. A living example of the integration of other cultures into British life is the Notting Hill Carnival, which is Caribbean in origin. (Biddle) Coming to some common superstitious beliefs of the British: black cats are considered lucky, and greeting cards often have pictures of them; likewise, a four-leaf clover is considered a lucky find. A horseshoe over the door attracts favourable luck. But it has to be kept facing upwards, to prevent the luck from being drained out from below. Similarly there are actions that attract bad luck-walking under a ladder, spilling salt (you must throw some of the spilt salt over your shoulder to avert bad luck, breaking a mirror (an action that dooms you to seven years of bad luck, no less!) or passing someone on the stairs. (Biddle) The number thirteen is also considered unlucky (many buildings/ hotels do not have a thirteenth floor-the fourteenth floor comes after the twelfth!), and the thirteenth of a month, if it comes on a Friday, is considered an unlucky day. Coming to some social niceties-it must be remembered that the British are rather formal in their interactions. If you are invited to someone's home for dinner, it is considered 'polite' to arrive around fifteen minutes late, unless your invitation says 'sharp' (e.g. "seven sharp") (Biddle) You may receive an invitation to "drop in anytime." You are not expected to take that literally. You must call up a person before visiting. If you receive an invitation that says RSVP, you must reply stating whether you plan to attend or not. If you go to someone's home for a meal, a small gift of flowers or chocolates is considered polite though not mandatory; a thank you note or phone call afterwards is expected. (Biddle) British people can be a bit reserved unless you have been introduced to them. Striking up conversations in public transport (trains) is unusual. If you

Marketing Plan of Fairmont Empress Hotel Assignment

Marketing Plan of Fairmont Empress Hotel - Assignment Example The marketing team has analyzed the market segmentation and is committed to improving the consumer perception of the brand. The company hopes to increase the market share by a minimum of 20 percent in two years. The management has invested in talent reward management and competitive remunerations to reduce staff turnover rates. The strategic and management team of Fairmont Express Hotels and Resorts is also committed to the overall wellbeing of the local communities through CSR.     The Fairmont Express Hotels and Resorts are located in multiple cities across North America and many parts of the world. They include New York in the US and British Columbia in Canada. The facility offers breathtaking views of natural beauty and rich heritage owing to the fact that it is roughly a century old. This has early the hotel respect and customer perception of high standards. The hotel offers convention rooms, culinary experiences, a variety of foods and family vacation facilities among other s. The management has had to keep evolving to meet the changing demands of the growing market. The hotel has over hundreds of refurbished rooms which are fitted with modern technological features. The brand is established to give a high-end luxury impression to the market. Market situation The role of hospitality the world economy has been on the rise. The industry has been one of the most profitable with unprecedented growth rate. However, the market situation indicates that the market can perform better. Economic decline has had a negative effect on the market performance with the hotel and tourism industry being coerced to scale down. The hotel industry is faced by acute staff shortage during the peak seasons (Wood & Brotherton, 2008). Therefore, the industry is using incentives and reduces staff turnover rates and to ensure that they remain competitive. Hotel industries should segment markets into consumer groups that are homogeneous. Hotels like Fairmont Express target their ma rket segments carefully through identifying the differentiating advantages that attract each segment (Wood & Brotherton, 2008). This includes offering competitive prices and choosing qualified personnel. Implementing marketing segmentation demands proper strategies. Model hotels have to implement market segmentation in complex organizational environments minimal resources and customer legacy (Shoemaker et al, 2007). Market segmentation addresses the market situation directly since its one of the most basic marketing concepts. The hospitality industry is divided into leisure and travel. Research shows that growth is forecasted to drive the hotel industry to reach $640 billion in the coming years. The economic stability in North America has been attributed to the success of the hotel industry in American and Canadian hotels. The market situation has been boosted by the significant growth as a result of a slight decline in the cost of travel (David, 2005). Changing lifestyle and availa bility of leisure time as an integral part of life has increased the market share.  Ã‚  

JJ Supermarket, NZ: An Analysis

JJ Supermarket, NZ: An Analysis J J worked locally owned in New Zealand to buy product. Store under license agreement with the permission of the group continued to sell a few vendors worldwide. It is operated by Jayesh Patel and Janaki. Store has many parts to it, such as food, snacks, butchery, and a variety of wine and beer. Moreover, all this abundance lotto shop and Western Union. In order to receive the best products in the area and the operating system money in the community to help the local people. Each month, the store owner makes love to charity a community group or person. Business hours: 7 day a week 7:00am to 10:00pm Assessment Part 1 Determine the resource needs for purchasing and supply.      Ã‚   When workers and goods on time and the time necessary to understand, what is to be sent. Particular work places and ways to discern if to take stock, to buy the paint and responsibilities of the users within. As soon as he left the firm is in harmony with the right way. Users Item Quantity J J Supermarket Just juice orange 2.5L 3 Boxes Orange pine Juice 2.5L 3 Boxes Bluebird cheddar 100g 6 Boxes Whiskas chicken 6Boxes Whiskas Turkish mince 6Boxes Whiskas beef lamb 6Boxes muesli with apple 3 Boxes olive oil 550ml 3Boxes Arnotts nuts 290g 5 Boxes HB round tea 290g 6Boxes Sunlight dishwasher/wash refill 700ml 2Boxes BBQ Chips 160g 5Boxes Ding dong nuts 110g 6Boxes Ding dong snack 110g 11Boxes Tomato sauce 370gm 3Boxes Chocolates 45gm 3Boxes Rubbish bags 55 pack 3Boxes Identify the need for data from qualitative and quantitative, and technical information and work together to use. Item Qualitative quantitative Technical Performance Orange juice Just juice 3 Boxes 2.5l Non artificial colors or preservatives Orange pine juice Just juice 3 Boxes 2.5l No sugar cheddar Blue bird 5 Boxes 110g Good Packing Chicken gravy Whiskas 2Boxes 6 pack big storage Chicken turkey Whiskas 2Boxes 6 pack big storage Beef lamb Whiskas 2Boxes 6 pack big storage Apple Muesli Forex 3 Boxes 150g fresh seal olive oil Home Brand 3 Boxes 500ml Less cholesterol Ginger nuts Arnott 4 Boxes 250g No sugar Bisk round tea Home Brand 5 Boxes 250g No sugar Plastic cups Supermarket standards 1000 pieces 300ml each Protected Paper bags Supermarket standards 3 Boxes Recycled paper Durable Dish/washer refill Sunlight 2 Boxes 600ml Tough on pan, soft on hands Chips kettles nuts Signature Range 4 Boxes 150g Wholegrain chips snack mixed nuts Ding Dong 10 Boxes 100g With freshness seal Snack mixed Ding Dong 10 Boxes 100g With freshness seal Tomato sauce Home Brand 4 Boxes 375gm No added color chocolate Nestle 3 Boxes 50 pack Coca plan Garbage bags black sack 2Boxes 45gm Heavy duty Determine the resource requirements, which allow achievement of organizations objectives and plans with maximum benefit to the organization. Objective Idea Cost/benefit Professional Service Collection of grocery items first class service Range Daily use items choices for goods customers can buy as per their taste To satisfied customers aspects Provide all demanded services Customers buy their items. Convenient store Customer can buy all their house hold items at one place No need to rush at other places Easy to approach Local customers can visit easily Less vehicle required open 7 days To give service early morning and late night and 7 days a week Can do shopping any time Run specials Cheap items for customers Customers will do more shopping Evidence that the agreed purchasing needs are fully documented and defined the technical, quantity, quality, delivery, commercial, and cost requirements. The process and store this document is sent to the workers, where you write is important and necessary to write a letter back issues. This is an example of the form used to buy: JJ Supermarket 7/100 Howden road Philips place, Manukau Auckland. Phone no: 093744060 Fax no: 09374846 VENDOR NAME Name: Company name: Street address: City, zip: Phone: Item Description Qty Unit Price Total Subtotal $ Tax rate Tax $ Other $ Total $ Authorized by Date: Provide evidence sources of supply to secure through product-market search and investigation. JJ Supermarket and locally operated and owned supermarket. Shops operating in license and franchise operation of the group controlled by wholesalers Limited. Wholesalers and branches enterprises Ltd, which is part of Woolworths Limited. Therefore, the design of the show about Wholesalers come twice a week in a fairly large. Assessment Part 2 2.1 Develop norms and standards for the supply of materials, plant or equipment by technical experts and users are effectively facilitated. Purpose J J is a supermarket loyalty and superior product quality and business integrity. We want to make sure that the conditions are right for our chain, that workers are treated with dignity and to make our way to environmental responsibility and ethically guided. To maintain relationship with suppliers and helping those goals, the supermarket agreed to Code of Conduct the company products and suppliers to select appropriate supports before code. The failure of the property and the possession or use of such information could lead to us being rejected. We understand the business should be well and respect the laws of the countries in which it operates. Policies and procedures Supplier code of conduct These products Code of Conduct outlines the high standards of ethical restraint, than the law or at least recognize the individual or company performance. It is important to feed our partners to understand the role they play in ensuring the satisfaction of our customers and consumers, and we see our friend food as a special group to fulfill our responsibility as the following: To sustain the highest standards of competence, integrity, and service to the franchise community. 1. To promote an ethical and professional manner of products and services. 2. To make a broader understanding and promote public respect and confidence in the franchise. 3. Be linked to any reports of the spread of the Council Advisory Committee genres care franchise license at a great meaning and significance Moral Code 4. Responsibility for measuring, monitoring, reporting and verification of compliance with the code. 5. Store can control their distributors or third parties find an agreement with the thoughts and hope. Grocery reserves the right to terminate an agreement with any baggage that fails to comply with our standards or failure to correct the issue was not consistent. Quality Quality control-general It is the responsibility of the site and provides products and higher devices. Quality control program is part curved. 1. Work management 2. Good medicine 3. Performance 4. Loyalty to principles established identification Quality control non-food Suppliers must comply with strict standards for suppliers of non-food supermarkets anytime. Supermarket reserves the right to perform quality audits and inspection of establishments that supply supermarkets products that are not branded or customized brand. Product inspection and acceptance The goods must be inspected by the supermarket. The status of the invalid component is waiting for quality control. This can lead to arrears if not solve the problem. General Policies Inauguration of work Sometimes, in order to convince the supplier cannot predict the order. This kind of prophecy for design purposes. Printing documents with the market, so the supplier must have a valid document before buying the goods delivered or the production of products. Risk management If required, the supplier will provide all the certificates required for the insurance in the supermarket. Hold the general business responsibility of the manufacturer, including the insurance product liability and the completion of the operation. Subcontracting Often, food orders from wholesalers supermarkets. Therefore, subcontracting is approved in writing. According to the contract, or when the raw material supplier should not be an unknown dealer market. Product withdrawal J J also has a supermarket procedure to remove the product if necessary. That action can be taken in consultation with law guarantees consumers or only about commercial law. Supermarket of these activities and expects full co-operation to any product provider is involved in this activity. Non-conformance to purchase document. All goods and services should be required, such as schedules, quantity, specifications, range of items and supermarkets in the series and approved samples of the report. Non-compliant products or services may be rejected, and all costs are equally applicable, such as the cost of storing and handling goods, and so on. Use of Logos, Trademarks, promotions The supermarket has its own logo, trademark. It should only be used by authorized personnel. Supermarkets check the rights of trademarks and designs. They cannot be copied from anywhere. Business Processes and Procedures Draw some of the most common activities in daily life needs. Authorize to determine the requirements of each product or service provider. Raw materials and supplies The supermarket is not responsible for the supply of raw materials or other merchandise suppliers to make orders. The request or qualification shall be written by the authorized applicant. Invoice detail minimum data required The following data mention on invoices. Name of Suppliers address Bill to name and address of Supermarket legal entity Invoice number Invoice date Invoice amount Description of product Terms of the order It is required that shipment should meet all the terms of order such as 1. The number should turn right 2. Good condition 3. The order must be delivered on time 4. The order must be delivered in the correct position Response system All candidates must comply with all the rule and legislation mentioned above. Late entries Registrations will not be accepted after the deadline of the offer Applicants prospects Supermarkets do not cover any cost of claims applicants for expressions of interest. Selection of successful applicants Just offer valued after the three successful candidates will be contacted to submit a final offer. Quires Quires should be accepted by email and phone. 2.2 Describe the specifications and standards for the description of the material, facilities or equipment in sufficient technical detail and precision to enable the construction or to provide basic performance parameters at minimum cost. Item Description Orange juice Orange juice is 99% juice and no added preservatives and is high in vitamin c content. Just Orange pine juice Orange and pine juice is 99% juice non-preservatives and less sugar and high vitamin A and C. Whiskas Chicken gravy Poultry, meat, wheat protein, natural flavor, gum, sodium, salt, minerals vitamins, sodium alginate, color, taurine, dl-methionine, sufficient water for processing. Whiskas Chicken turkey Poultry, meat by products, wheat protein, natural flavor, guar gum, sodium, salt, minerals vitamins, sodium alginate, color, xanthan gum, taurine, dl-methionine, sufficient water for processing. Whiskas Beef lamb Poultry, meat, beef, wheat protein, natural flavor, guar gum, sodium, salt, minerals vitamins, sodium alginate, color, xanthan gum, taurine, dl-methionine, sufficient water for processing. Apple Muesli Ground rice wheat flakes, rolled oats, apple puree, sunflower oil, salt, vitamins, minerals, traces of milk soy. Home brand olive oil Olive oil is a natural light and fresh taste. It contains the plant sterol. With a high smoke point, is engaged for all types of cooking, including baking, roasting and frying. Arnott nuts Wheat flour, ginger, invert syrup, vegetable fats, sugar, milk solids, salt, yeast, raising agents, flavor, acidity regulator. Home brand round tea Wheat flour, sugar, milk solids, oats, golden syrup, vegetable oil, cocoa powder, raising agents, flavors, milk solids, colors. Home Brand Plastic cups Home brand cups are used for cold drinks. The cups should have the JJ logo on it. Home Brand Paper bags Home brand bags are used in packaging for foods; they are to be produced from recycled paper with the JJ logo. Sunlight Dish/washer refill Sunlight dish / dishwashing liquid specifically designed to be gentle with your hands while washing the dishes, let your dishes sparking clean. Signature Chips kettles nuts Potatoes, sunflower oil, vegetable oil, sugar, salt, vinegar powder, corn starch, yeast extract, nuts. Ding Dong mixed nuts Corn, peanuts, green peas, broad beans, iodized salt, sugar, protein, wheat flour, spices. Ding Dong Snack Corn, green peas, broad beans, iodized salt, sugar, protein, wheat flour, spices. Home Brand Tomato sauce Concentrated tomatoes, sugar, salt, food acids, natural flavors and spices. Nestle KitKat chocolate other chocolates Sugar, full cream milk powder, wheat flour, cocoa butter, vegetable fat, yeast, raising agent, salt, flavor, contain milk, soy and wheat. Black sack Garbage bags Garbage bags are used to properly dispose of rubbish. Black sack bags are made of heavy duty plastic with a typing clip. 2.3 The use of methods of simplification, the reduction of the variety and value analysis. Avoids above specifications, which increases the costs without increasing its value. 1. Cost per item 2. Skip to end things 3. Return Policy for more information standards 4. Delivery times 5. The warranty on the market 6. The experience of Oakland 7. Quality Control Certificates 8. Security certificates Hygiene 9. The experience of the staff reporter 2.4 Define the acceptance criteria set out in the specifications and standards to ensure Compliance with the requirements and measurable deliverables. Item Compliance with quality quantity requirement of super value Franchise Compliance with Food Hygiene Regulations 1975 Just Orange juice Juice purchased under fair trade standard, come in desired 2.5l bottle and product of New Zealand The bottles are tight sealed and Stored in a cool dry area. Just Orange and pine juice Juice purchased under fair trade standard, come in desired 2.5l bottle and product of New Zealand Bottles are tight sealed and Stored in a cool dry area. Blue Zigzags cheddar Chips purchased under fair trade standard, come in desired 100g pack and product of New Zealand Packs are tight sealed and Stored in a cool dry area. Whiskas Chicken gravy Cat food purchased under fair trade standard, come in desired 6 boxes and product of New Zealand Tins are tight sealed and Stored in a cool dry area. Whiskas Chicken turkey mince Cat food purchased under fair trade standard, come in desired 6 boxes and product of New Zealand Tins are tight sealed and Stored in a cool dry area. Whiskas Beef lamb mince Cat food purchased under fair trade standard, come in desired 6 pack and product of New Zealand Tins are tight sealed and Stored in a cool dry area. Fare Muesli with apple Forex Muesli purchased under fair trade standard, come in desired 3 pack and product of New Zealand Packs are tight sealed and Stored in a cool dry area. Home brand olive oil Home brand olive oil purchased under fair trade standard, come in desired 550ml and product of New Zealand Bottles are tight sealed and Stored in a cool dry area. Arnott Ginger nuts Arnott Ginger nuts purchased under fair trade standard, come in desired 290g pack and product of New Zealand Packs are tight sealed and Stored in a cool dry area. Home brand Bisc round tea Home brand Bisc round tea purchased under fair trade standard, come in desired 290g pack and product of New Zealand Packs are tight sealed and Stored in a cool dry area. Home Brand Plastic cups They are developed with the appropriate dimensions and include the JJ logo The cups are stored In store room Home Brand Paper bags Home Brand bags are made for JJ using recycled Bags are durable. Sunlight Dish/washer refill Sunlight Dish/washer purchased under fair trade standard, 700ml bottle and product of New Zealand Bottles are tight sealed and stored in a cool dry area Signature Chips kettles nuts Signature Chips kettles nuts purchased under fair trade standard, come in desired 160g pack and product of New Zealand Packs are tight sealed and Stored in a cool dry area. Ding Dong snack mixed nuts Ding Dong snack mixed nuts purchased under fair trade standard, 110g pack and product of NZ Packs are tight sealed and Stored in a cool dry area. Ding Dong Snack mixed Yes, Ding Dong snack mixed purchased under fair trade standard, 110g pack and product of New Zealand Packs are tight sealed and Stored in a cool dry area. Home Brand Tomato sauce Home Brand Tomato sauce purchased under fair trade standard, come in desired 370gm bottle and product of New Zealand Bottles are tight sealed and stored in a cool dry area Nestle KitKat chocolate Nestle KitKat chocolate purchased under fair trade standard, 45gm 3 pack and product of New Zealand Packs are tight sealed and Stored in a cool dry area. Black sack Garbage bags Black sack Garbage bags purchased under fair trade standard,55 pack and product of New Zealand Bags are good in quality Assessment Part 3 3.1 Requests for quotations or request for expression of interest to determine the appropriate acquisitions range of potential suppliers of goods or services. If necessary, support the evaluation of data providers needed and a short list Request for Expression of Interest for Provision Suppliers for supermarket store- 20/03/2017 JJ SUPERMARKET located at MANUKAU AUCKLAND requires the services of experienced and reliable suppliers to provide a variety of accessories. To view a detailed source provider The completion of the terms and conditions that require an electronic copy: J[emailprotected] The following are requirements should be mentioned before posting an Expression of Interest: Minimum Requirements 1. Experience / performance; 2. The qualified and experienced 3. The performance of services, 4. A contract to perform financial capacity proposed. 5 As the labels application must be sent are mentioned: EOI JJ SUPERMARKET 20/03/2017 To: The Manager 7/100 Howden road Philips place, Manukau Auckland. Phone no: 093744060 Fax no: 09374846 _________________ Before the closing date of 30/03/2017. Applicants applying under the valid time frame will be notified on the evaluation of the rate and the terms completed. 3.2 The evaluation methods used to determine the suitability and capacity of Potential suppliers to meet the needs of the organization and satisfaction of Criteria The following are two tables showing the possible food/nonfood suppliers for JJ Supermarket store. Potential Food Supplier Bidvest Serviced Foods Prolife Foods 1. Product or service range Standard Vast Limited 2.Bbusiness capacity Capable Capable Capable 3. Financial Soundness Stable Strong Managing 4. Delivery Timeliness Punctual Punctual Punctual 5. Food Hygiene Standards Certified Certified Certified 6. Previous Experience Partial Potential Non-Food supplier Packaging house products Uni-pak Product and service range Standard Standard Limited Business capacity Capable Capable Capable Financial soundness Strong Strong Stable Quality control Approved Approved Approved Previous experience On request Delivery timeliness Punctual Punctual Slow

Administration & department

Administration is that part or department of an organisation that is responsible in realising the organisation’s objectives and ensuring the best services. It is also responsible for ensuring that what was put down by the management is accomplished.It is therefore the duty of any department to define and put down effective entities in an organisation to realize management dreams and desires. I will be discussing some of the major objectives in an organization and how they achieve satisfaction in realization of an organization’s dreams. I will discuss three areas; Separation of duties, Employment policies and practices and security management planning.Separation of dutiesSeparation of duties can be defined as breaking down responsibilities in an organisation to show specific controls to different employees. It will be rather difficult to carry out fraudulent activities if at all a single procedure with several steps are carried out by so many people rather than a single person.One way of achieving separation of duties is by having an organizational chart.It is very important that there exists an organizational chart in any organization. This is because every employee is supposed to know and take care of his or her own responsibilities. A place in the organizational chart will help the employees in knowing whom they are supposed to report to and who reports to them.A clear separation of duties, achieved through drawing down an organizational chart, helps in diversification of duties makes employees aware of each other’s responsibilities. Another approach to separation of duties in an organization is the procedure manual. A procedure manual can be defined as a document that consists of the various positions in an organisations and how they should be performed.Employment policies and practices.Any organization or industry is eligible to realizing its dreams. One such dream is offering the best services. Employees are not only manpower in the or ganization but also part of the skills necessary for realizing its dreams. It is therefore very important that employees are employed based on some procedure.It is the duty of an organization to carefully scrutinize employees before hiring them. This is to ensure they are qualified and have no record of any questionable activity.It is the duty of the administration in any organization or industry to create an atmosphere that will be desirable and positive to its employees. Employees should be promoted on the basis of their performance and not seniority.It is the duty of the administration in any management of an organisation to make sure employees are being trained not for what they currently do but for possible positions they are eligible to fill in an organization.  By doing this, cases of fraud will be minimal. This is because the administration will have engaged its employees as part of the solution rather than them being part of the problem.The employees will therefore less l ikely involve themselves in cases of fraud. Instead when such cases occur there are high chances of detection and reporting to the administration by the employees. Employees are a good source of such information because they tend to know about each other so well than the administration or management in any organization.Security management planningAn organization faces different scenarios at different times. They vary from sometimes violent and rapidly changing scenarios. These scenarios are some of the risks faced by security by any administration in an organization.An effective security management system put in place will be able to confront such risks. It should therefore have some characteristics. That includes a dynamic security system inclusive of a framework of guidelines that will be able to provide consistency for future decisions. Dynamically a management system can be broken further to different entities. That is scenario analysis and strategy, planning, working and finall y evaluating a security scenario.Security management can also be viewed as an incremental process. This is because not so much can be predicted prior to an insecurity incident occurring. Security management is a process can be described as partial and selective.It is therefore necessary that an administration set a careful security management plan and a step-by-step procedure so that it can be able to make incremental changes in managing its security.Reference:Razek, Joseph R; Brandt, Lyloyd; Sullivan, Jacqueline. Mar/Apr 1991. Protecting Your Organization’s Assets: A Primer on Internal. Pg 27.www.jha.ac/articles/060.pdfPankau, Edmund J. Nov 1995. Inside Job. Pg 32

Facts about crude oil - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1794 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Economics Essay Type Analytical essay Level High school Topics: Inflation Essay Investment Essay Did you like this example? Crude oil is the term used for unprocessed oil and it is also known as petroleum. Crude oil is a fossil fuel that is naturally derived from decaying plants and animals. The various elements or compounds with which crude oil is made are carbon, hydrogen, sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, etc. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Facts about crude oil" essay for you Create order Crude oil differs in color from plain to tar black and this is because of its constituency. Hydrocarbon is the main element that contains a lot of energy and that is the reason why crude oil is used in producing many forms of energy like gasoline, diesel and others. Hydrocarbon is considered as excellent element because it is used in many forms. Like if we chemically treat the hydrocarbon in different ways many things can be made out of this like synthetic rubber, nylon, etc. It is believed that due to its high energy density, plenty availability etc, crude oil has become the worlds most impressive source of energy. It is estimated that the present utilization of crude oil is about 90 million barrels per day. Studies reveal that proportion of oil is plummeting as petroleum recovery is getting intrinsic. Because of these increased in consumption level, the reserves would be gone and may lead to global energy crisis. Not only this, crude oil releases carbon dioxide when they a re burnt and which has bad impact on the environment and which led to global warming. TRENDS IN CRUDE OIL Nowadays crude oil has been capturing many news headlines worldwide whether high or low. Crude has been throwing its sense of importance to the consumers globally for the past years. In the past many economies had failed to face crude oil price shocks of 1974 and 1979. Most economies both developed and developing had knowledge and are prepared to face these shocks. Between 2001 and 2004, crude oil was in the range of $US 20 and $US 40 a barrel and it rises to $US 70 a barrel in 2006. The crux was basically the reason of rise in prices of oil which was the mismatch between the demand and supply of refinery products. It was recommended to increase the output if the prices continues with this range and they did the same in 2006 and due to this the crude oil prices have touched the years low and had come down to 30% of its high. HOW TO DETERMINE GOLD PRICE MOVEMENTS? Gold is odd as commodity in that operates a little differently than the other commodities because of its lower demand for industrial products. As opposite to other metals like silver and copper, golds demand is not the primary factor in its price movements with Indian weddings being one of the areas where gold is demanded. There are of course other things like regular jewelry and some industrial uses but those uses are not related to the use of other uses like industrial purposes. One must look to certain point to find out or analyse where the price of gold will move and one area could be inflation. Another element that must be watched is government interference where it can have direct impact on gold price movements. When thinking of gold as a wealth building tool, its more difficult to make happen than other precious metals, although those committing themselves to know the gold market and gold companies making money. But as have seen its primary purpose is safety and inf lation hedge. And the major factor which may also be seen is that to watch how much money Federal Reserve or whoever it is that prints money in your country is printing. At last to say that by definition, inflation in printing money and the effects of undervaluing of currency and the resultant inflation is what gold investors need to watch more than anything else. CORRELATION BETWEEN GOLD AND OIL The only way which rises scope for gold is the price of oil rising to standard levels Its partner i.e. oil is linked to gold whether it is in bad situation or good situation and they are trading within a well defined range and are related to each other. This happens as the price of oil rises, the price of gold follows the same route. The recent trend on the both of the commodities gives a clue for the future direction of the prices of gold which is regarded as a safe investment in uncertain times. Although the relation of gold and oil is interrupted and is done occasionally. Focusing back that is thousands years ago, gold which is the most precious metal among other metals has a long history as a store value of time. As the techniques to refine crude oil was first developed in the year 1850, oil has become one of the important commodities since then. It has been seen that as oil is more expensive among other energy commodities, it pushes up the price for the energy and thereo n money flows to the safety of gold as a hedge against inflation. The closer correlation between the rising price of gold and oil provides the answer to the future direction of the gold price. Inflation is the single biggest threat rising in the shadows of global economy replacing the credit requirement or credit crunch as the most serious threat to economic stability. The economies of India and China are still growing fast but not as fast as they were earlier. Rising inflation has cut consumer demand for gold in India by half as consumers wait for the price to fall to more affordable levels. This was a part of trend that has seen consumer demand for gold fall globally. So the question arises : with plenty of gold and oil already in the system why are price rising if real demand is falling? Speculative demand for oil and gold goes some way to explain the years increase in prices. But this is not the only factor, the other factors could be the political and economic factors tha t threatened the world into global crisis. Earlier there was the threat to supply. Attention has been focused on events with investors seizing opportunities when the supply of oil and gold is threatened. Another factor is the increasing tension developing in US. More expensive energy will act to slow growth worldwide as inflation rises and government tighten fiscal policies in the hope of controlling inflationary pressures. There is expectation to see gold and oil continue to break records this year with nightmare scenario of $200 a barrel looking ahead more likely to increase. If this happens, gold as a hedge against ensuing inflation will also be pulled upwards to record highs. The long term average old to oil ratio is 15 barrels of oil to one ounce of gold. An ounce of gold at current price will buy the customers around 7 barrels of oil. With oil moving relentlessly towards $140 a barrel, makes a powerful case for investing in gold right now. It has been seen since that gold and oil have a positive correlation. When oil prices rise, there is upward pressure on inflation. This enhances the use of gold as an inflation hedge. IMPACT OF OIL GOLD PRICES ON STOCK MARKET Impact of oil gold prices on the stock market is inversely proportional. A shoot in the prices leads to fall in the stock market. And a decrease in oil gold price on an average leads to higher stock market return. So the effect of both the prices are predictable in the stock market. The effect is profound when it increases 50% to 100% annually. The reasons being: Any movement in the prices results in uncertainty in the stock market. Higher the oil and gold, higher the transportation for oil and higher the maintenance for gold. For eg. A decrease in the prices by 10% in US will result in the expected return to double up on the stock market in the following month. Though the stock market moves in the opposite direction with respect to oil and gold prices, it is basically a one way traffic. The stock market returns has no impact on the crude oil and gold prices. The entire stock market does not get equally or at the same time affected by the fluctuation in oil prices. The US industrial sectors get most affected with the rise in oil prices. It has been advisable to hold on to energy stocks shift focus from the mass market to general retailers. This is the reason why mass market retailers ought to be avoided with respect to stock investments. IMPACT ON COMMODITIES MARKET There are certain inputs which impacts the economy of the world as a whole like the price of oil. The certain elements that make up the basis for analyzing the global economy. The cost rises for transportation companies if the oil prices increases and thereby reducing their profit margins and inturn forcing them to increase their prices, similarly affecting all other companies that rely on them to transport products and people. By contrast, most energy companies benefit from higher oil prices because of increased demand for substitute energy sources like ethanol etc. The time period of my analysis part was bad time for most energy companies. Hence it has been proved that the oil prices are positively related to commodities market. LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY The analysis was on monthly basis. And there were lot of fluctuations in the prices of the commodities. Because of that it was difficult to come to a particular situation. Secondly, the paper would have been more attractive if we were allowed to use the chart and diagrams for analysis part. CONCLUSION The term paper discusses the correlation between the oil prices and gold prices and that has been done on monthly basis and their impact on both commodities and stock market. The study reveals about the trends in crude oil prices from the past few years. It also shows about the correlation and it has been observed that the oil prices and gold prices are positively correlated overall but if we see on monthly basis then it has been seen that sometimes it is positively related and sometimes negatively correlated but mostly positive. Not only this, the paper also reveals their impact on commodities market and it has been analyzed that the prices of crude oil is positively related to commodities market but negatively to stock market. It has been observed that the change in the price of oil and gold has no impact on the stock returns. Thus it is advisable for the consumers to invest in the commodities by analyzing the entire market and calculating the returns thereof. BIBLIOGRAPHY https://ezinearticles.com/?Impact-of-oil-prices-on-the-stock-marketid=1418330 https://www.wtrg.com/prices.htm https://futures.tradingcharts.com/hist CO.html https://tfc-charts.w2d.com/chart/CO